What is the Definition of Kleptomania? A Closer Look at Compulsive Theft

Woman shoplifting in store

Understanding Kleptomania: More Than Just Theft

Kleptomania, often misconceived as mere shoplifting or petty theft, is in fact a complex psychological disorder that significantly deviates from criminal theft primarily due to its impulsive nature. This blog post will thoroughly explore the clinical definition of kleptomania, diving into its symptoms, underlying causes, treatment options, and societal perceptions. Our goal is to differentiate kleptomania from ordinary theft comprehensively and illuminate the profound impact this condition has on individuals affected by it.

What is Kleptomania?

Kleptomania is a rare psychiatric condition characterized by an uncontrollable urge to steal items that the individual usually does not need and which typically have little value. This disorder manifests as an impulsive action, where the act of stealing is not premeditated but arises spontaneously. The American Psychiatric Association classifies kleptomania under the impulse control disorders, where the key feature is the failure to resist a temptation, urge, or impulse that may harm oneself or others.

Core Symptoms of Kleptomania

Individuals with kleptomania often experience a cycle of emotions surrounding their thefts, including:


  • An Increasing Sense of Tension before the theft, akin to a pressure that builds and can only be alleviated by committing the act of stealing.
  • Feelings of Pleasure, Gratification, or Relief during and immediately after committing the theft, which are often short-lived.
  • Intense Feelings of Guilt, Remorse, Self-Loathing, or fear of being arrested after the theft, which do not prevent future episodes.
  • Repeated Attempts to Resist Urges, which are typically unsuccessful, highlighting the compulsive nature of the disorder.


These symptoms disrupt normal functioning and can significantly impact social and occupational responsibilities

Differentiating Kleptomania from Ordinary Theft

Unlike typical theft, where the motive is usually need or desire for the stolen item's value, kleptomania is driven by an uncontrollable impulse to steal for the act itself. This impulsive action is not influenced by the item's usefulness to the person, nor is it a result of financial necessity. The person with kleptomania often feels powerless to stop the behavior, even if the stolen objects are inconsequential or worthless to them

Potential Causes and Psychological Underpinnings

The precise causes of kleptomania are yet to be fully understood, but it is believed to involve neurobiological, genetic, and environmental factors. Some studies suggest that kleptomania could be linked to problems with serotonin regulation, which affects mood and impulse control. Additionally, kleptomania may be associated with other mental health disorders, including bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders, and substance abuse disorders, which suggests that it might be part of a broader spectrum of psychiatric conditions

Treatment Modalities for Kleptomania

Managing kleptomania typically requires a multifaceted approach:


  • Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy (CBT): This is the most effective form of psychotherapy for addressing kleptomania. CBT helps patients recognize the triggers of their behavior, develop strategies to resist the urge to steal, and correct faulty beliefs about stealing and ownership.
  • Medication: There is no specific medication approved for kleptomania, but certain drugs like SSRIs and mood stabilizers may help alleviate the urge to steal by treating underlying issues of impulse control or coexisting disorders.
  • Support Groups: Engaging with peer support groups can provide emotional support and coping strategies, which are beneficial for managing symptoms and preventing relapse

Societal Impact and Misunderstandings

Kleptomania is often misunderstood by the public and even by those who suffer from it. There is a stigma associated with this disorder that can prevent individuals from seeking help. By raising awareness and understanding, we can better support those affected and encourage treatments that improve quality of life and reduce legal implications.

Conclusion: Empathy and Professional Help

Kleptomania is a serious mental health condition that merits compassion and professional intervention. Understanding the disorder beyond the misconceptions can foster empathy and aid in recovery. If you or someone you know might be struggling with kleptomania, professional help is crucial.

Brian Stalcup MED, located in Norman, Oklahoma, offers specialized therapy services tailored to help individuals overcome kleptomania and other psychological disorders. Our approach is rooted in understanding each person's unique situation and providing a path towards recovery.


Brian Stalcup MED offers therapy services across Oklahoma, including Norman, Moore, Noble, Purcell, New Castle, and Oklahoma City. Feel free to visit our office at 3280 Marshal Avenue, Norman, OK 73072, or call us at 405-921-7012 for compassionate and professional assistance

Frequently Asked Questions

  • Can kleptomania occur in children?

    Yes, kleptomania can occur in children, though it is more commonly diagnosed in adults. In children, the disorder may be more difficult to diagnose due to the challenge of distinguishing impulsive theft from typical childhood behaviors related to curiosity and the concept of ownership.

  • How does kleptomania impact personal relationships?

    Kleptomania can severely strain personal relationships. The secretive nature of the stealing and the potential legal consequences can lead to mistrust and stress within families and friendships. Effective communication and professional therapy are crucial in managing these relationship challenges

  • Are there any specific triggers for kleptomania episodes?

    Individuals with kleptomania may experience specific triggers that lead to an episode. These can include emotional stressors such as anxiety, depression, or even feelings of excitement. Additionally, being in a place where stealing is possible may also act as a trigger

  • Is kleptomania linked to other psychological disorders?

    Kleptomania is often associated with other mental health disorders, including mood disorders (like depression and bipolar disorder), anxiety disorders, substance abuse disorders, and other impulse control disorders. Effective treatment plans will often address these comorbid conditions.

  • What are the legal implications of kleptomania?

    While kleptomania is a recognized psychological disorder, it is not a defense for theft in most legal systems. Individuals with kleptomania are legally responsible for their actions, which can result in criminal charges, penalties, or other legal consequences.